Little Children and Big Dreams free essay sample

Every Saturday morning at my synagogue, there are three separate services occurring simultaneously: an elementary and pre-school service, a middle school service, and the adult service. Each one, much to my liking, has a set order of prayers. While sitting with my father, I check my watch and see that it’s â€Å"that time† already. I quietly leave the adult service, where I am simply a voice in the crowd, following each note which had been set into motion by another, and I waltz into the middle school service, ready to take up the reigns. Although at times it feels as though I am just the next buffoon in line attempting to yank Excalibur out of the stone, I know that on this day I am King Arthur. I stand tall with a siddur in my hand, a tallis upon my shoulders, and a kippa bestowed on my head. I wait. We will write a custom essay sample on Little Children and Big Dreams or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I sneak a glance at my master sheet, controller of my kingdom’s fate. I breathe. I take in this very moment; time slows to the point at which I can see my own thoughts dancing around inside my head and I set into motion a plan that will be foolproof, yet adaptable. My first words are poised to leap from my tongue. â€Å"Okay†¦ So let’s begin with Ma Tovu. Do I have any volunteers?† I always crave a plan. Something etched out in stone that, when read properly, yields a beautiful symphony. Even when doodling, I feel the overpowering need to ensure the sketch’s proportions are accurate and that there is adequate space for it to call home. However, just like my room, life is not always clean and organized. And by that very nature, it is seemingly impossible to adhere to some previously constructed guideline. What I had not foreseen happening this morning, or maybe chose to ignore, is the possibility that I have to adapt to the situation. We are only up to the sixth prayer and I’m running out of volunteers. My facial muscles tense up; I begin to fidget with the calluses on my palm. I look to my audience. My eyes flare up, my shoulders elevate, and a smile overwhelms my face. â€Å"Can I have all the parents on my left and all the kids on my right?† I ask, while projecting outward with my arms. â€Å"I want to see who is going to be louder: the kids or the adults. Ready? Begin.† Their voices fill room with the sound of music. I wouldn’t say that I’m surprised, but rather I am impressed by their gusto as well as my own quick thinking. The rest of the service proceeds according to my design. At the culmination, as I begin to remove my tallis, relinquishing my new found power, I see a well groomed man heading my way. His hand reaches out in my direction. A chill slithers down my spine quickly enough to tickle the bottom of my feet before his hand meets mine. â€Å"Well done,† he says â€Å"I hope to see you here more often. In order to perform the way you did, you must have had some formal training. I mean, there is just something about you that my kids and I really connected to.† I firmly shake his hand, thank him for the sentiment, and walk towards my own father with a joyous grin. A Siddur is a Jewish prayer book. A Tallis is a special shawl worn when praying. A Kippa, literally meaning skullcap, is a religious head-covering worn at all times.

Economic Impact of London Luton Airport The WritePass Journal

Economic Impact of London Luton Airport Abstract Economic Impact of London Luton Airport ). This multiplier effect is an induced impact as it is a result of a supply chain creation within this community. This therefore extends to anyone within the up- or downward supply chain of these business enterprises and the employees thereof. This direct revenue income is a result of increased wages and salaries paid to employees, direct business expenditure, direct profits and revenue resulting from the multiplier effect (Halcrow, 2010). The most easily measurable economic impact of any airport is employment, as an airport provides a variety of different levels of employment opportunities. Employment exists on many different levels to a variety of stakeholders, including direct employment as a result of airport activities measured as 4,100 employees in 2011 (LLA, 2011), indirect employment, induced and related employment (TRB, 2008). The economic impact of increased employment opportunities through LLA extends to a wide-variety of stakeholders at various levels of business enterprise and across all sectors, including on- and off-site employment. The government or State is also a large beneficiary in terms of economic impact of LLA, as it receives income based on the business operations of the airport in the form of business and personal taxes paid (Halcrow, 2010). In addition to business taxes, enterprises are required to pay rates on their properties which provided an income of  £19.8mil in 2010 to the State. Air passenger tax also provides a source of income for the State as Civil Aviation Agency provides different passenger duty costs for different kinds of passengers. In 2010, the State received  £144mil revenue from air passenger tax (Halcrow, 2010). These are direct impacts as they would cease to exist if LLA no longer operated. It is evident therefore that LLA is a major generator of economic activity in the local area, providing significant opportunities for the expansion of current enterprise and the resultant employment and revenue opportunities that this provides, as well as a useful and important source of revenue for the central government. Direct, indirect and induced impacts of LLA are inclusive of a broad range of stakeholders providing important revenue generation and an overall increase in economic activity as a result of their operations. Airport Management Policies LLA is a publicly owned company with Airport Concessions Development Ltd. (ACDL) as the majority shareholder. ACDL owns and operates 47 other airports around the world and have extensive experience in airport management (LLA, 2013). It stands to reason therefore that the experience of managing policies for maximum economic impact implemented at LLA would be an extension of the knowledge and experience gained in the course of business. With rising fuel costs affecting the affordability of travel options, low-cost airlines have become increasingly prevalent with the adoption of a low-cost model whereby airlines negotiate significantly lower aeronautical charges with airports seeking to make up the shortfall in revenue with increased passenger volumes expected from offering lower-airline fees (Frances, et al., 2004). LLA has introduced three major low-cost airlines into their business model, namely easyJet, Ryanair and Wizz Air. Initially the aeronautical charges were given in a format whereby easyJet, as the principle low-cost airline, paid a reduced rate per passenger that came through the airport. However, when Barclays became a shareholder in LLA it was reported that the financial performance of the airport was adversely affected by this negotiation (Ibid). This was then adjusted so that the low-cost airlines qualified for the reduced aeronautical charges, where after the charges are reduced according to the pass enger volumes. In addition to the increase in passenger volumes through low-cost airline negotiation, there was a significant shift in management focus to increase the overall income per passenger and between 1995 and 2001, this was achieved through doubling the retail space in the LLA airport terminal (Ibid). This is a realisation by the marketing strategy of LLA that the majority of airport revenues are not generated by aeronautical charges (Castillo-Manzano, 2010). Jarach (2010; p.2) notes that the extent of the economic impact of an airport will be a result of factors such as the type of visitor (business or tourist), the type of scheduled service (international, domestic and long-haul flights), the magnitude and origin of charter operations, the relative isolation of the airport and the availability of other modes of transport. This highlights a shift in perspective of the airport as part of the air transport pipeline, rather than focusing on airlines as the primary customer of the airport, re venue generation is now concentrated on attracting retail customers (Jarach, 2001). Expectations as to the levels of income that can be expected through the support goods and services in the airport allows the airport to make accurate predictions on the income expected for the airport as an operation and to negotiate aeronautical charges based on these predictions (Frances, et al., 2004). As a result of the increased importance of concession revenue (resulting from commercial operations), revenue sharing arrangements are also becoming increasingly popular agreements between airports and airlines, although research indicates that often airports would rather replace the airline than enter into such agreements (Zhang, et al., 2010). The marketing strategy therefore of LLA has been redirected in recent years to ensure that concession revenues are increased, with reports that the reliance on low-cost airlines for the majority of passengers based on a reduced charge has had an adverse effect on the financial outlook of the airport (Frances, et al., 2004). The Financial Report of LLA (2012) for the end of 2011 indicated that the revenue from commercial activities and from aeronautical charges was relatively equal indicating that there is a large reliance on commercial activities to supplement the income of the airport itself (see table below). In addition, there is a continuous assessment and commitment by the management of the airport to improving facilities and providing additional services to the visitors on a consistent basis (LLA, 2011). Income Year Ended 31 December 2011 ( £ ,000) Year Ended 31 December 2010 ( £,000) Traffic Income 50,100 45,742 Commercial Income 49,679 45,287 Tenant Income 12,283 11,158 TOTAL 112,062 102,187 (LLA, 2012) Conclusion From the perspective of airport management therefore, the increase in revenue is the primary concern of commercial activities, with regards to both airline traffic revenue and concession revenue. The economic impact of the operations of the airport is an important priority for management, as privately owned airports, such as LLA are profit driven business enterprises. From the financial statement reflecting the revenue income of the airport, it is evident that there need be an increased emphasis on increasing the concession revenues of the airport. Commercial activities in an airport are essential to the financial success of the enterprise (Torres, et al., 2005) and have the potential to contribute to up to 90% of the total income of the airport ((Zhang Zhang, 1997). Currently, LLA is not maximising the potential of the commercial activities of the airport and therefore it is the recommendation of this report that the retail operations and services available at the airport be upgrad ed to allow for significantly more commercial revenue. This will have the impact of ensuring that the revenue of the airport is increased and that there is a greater direct income from these activities, as well as increased employment opportunities through the various direct, indirect and induced impact that this will have. The government income will also be increased according as there will be higher business and personal taxes payable.   Increasing the commercial operation of the airport will also necessitate a strategy to ensure greater traffic volumes in the airport terminal itself which can be achieved through the increased participation with airlines through offering revenue-sharing contracts to ensure that higher volumes of passengers are directed through the terminal rather than other neighbouring airports. References Airports Council International (2004) The economic and social impact of airports in Europe. York Aviation: ACI Europe. Castillo-Manzano, J. (2010) Determinants of commercial revenues at airports: Lessons learned from Spanish regional airports. Tourism Management, 31(6), pp. 788 – 796. CDM Smith (2012) The economic impact of commercial airports in 2010. Ohio: CDM Smith. Francis, G., Humphreys, I. Ison, S. (2004) Airports’ perspectives on the growth of low-cost airlines and the remodeling of the airport–airline relationship. Tourism Management, 25(4), pp. 507 – 514. Graham,A. (2008) Managing Airports (3rd ed.). Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. Halcrow (2011) Economic Impact of London Luton Airport. London: Halcrow Jarach, D. (2010) Airport Marketing: Strategies to Cope With the New Millennium Environment. Hampshire: Ashgate Publishing. Jarach, D. (2010) The evolution of airport management practices: towards a multi-point, multi-service, marketing-driven firm. Journal of Air Transport Management, 7(2,) pp. 119 – 125. London Luton (2012) Airport History. [online] Available on: london-luton.co.uk/en/content/8/226/ [Accessed 28 March 2013]. London Luton Airport Operations Ltd. (2012) Annual Reports and Accounts for the Year Ended 31 December 2011. London: LLA London Luton (2011) Annual Monitoring Report 2011. London: LLA Luton Borough Council Torres, E., Domà ­nguez, J., Valdà ©s, L. Aza, L. (2005) Passenger waiting time in an airport and expenditure carried out in the commercial area. Journal of Air Transport Management, 11, pp. 363–367. Transportation Research Board (2008) Airport Economic Impact Methods and Models. Airport Cooperative Research Program: Synthesis. Zhang, A. Zhang, Y. (1997) Concession revenue and optimal airport pricing. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 33, pp. 287–296. Zhang, A., Fu, X. Yang, H. (2010) Revenue sharing with multiple airlines and airports. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 44(8–9), pp. 944 – 959.

Krispy kreme doughnut Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Krispy kreme doughnut - Research Paper Example azil can be found in South America wherein it is one of the populous and largest countries not just in the Latin border but also in the entire world (â€Å"CIA†). Brazil’s bigger portion of population can be found in the major cities in South-East region namely: Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Belo Horizonte and Brasilia (capital). The population had reached to 201,103,330 wherein 53.7% of the ethnic groups are white and the rest are mixed, black and unspecified. Brazil’s official language is Portuguese; and in terms of religion, Roman Catholic obtained the highest percentage which is 74%. Brazil’s big population and diversity are among the good reasons why it should be the best candidate for a new market. History. For almost three centuries, Brazil is under the Portuguese regime but the country had attained its independence (Levine). During the 19th century, the country’s military rule ended and a constitution for civilian rulers had been approved. Brazil gained its independence from the military command and consequently the government has been improved, and restrictions in the economy as well as slavery have been abolished. These are the reasons why more and more people have decided to migrate in Brazil, and one of those reasons is the government structure. Political and Economic Environment. In the top ten largest economies in terms of Gross Domestic Product, Brazil is at the ninth place with a GDP of $4.51.7 billion (Patterson). Brazil is only an emerging country; however the economy is well-developed and industrialized. Even though Brazil is experiencing an economic growth from its agricultural products, still agriculture in the country accounted lesser compared to the growth of industrialization. The taxation system of Brazil has â€Å"poorly structured revenue system characterized by heavy tax burdens, a narrow taxable base, complicated levies and widespread tax evasion† (Butler). In terms of entering the Brazilian market, Krispy Kreme is required to

Car Insurance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Car Insurance - Essay Example Due to the nature and dynamics of the car industry, it is faced with massive risks especially due to accidents which may occur at any time. Statistics indicate that the automobile industries faces the most number of accidents and property loss as compared to other sectors that other insurance policy covers, Laws in almost all countries forbid the driving of automobile without necessary insurance policy cover. Vehicle owners are faced by a big problem when it comes to the choice an insurance policy. Hasty policy buying often lead to wrong choices and huge loses are incurred by the insured person. According to (Malcolm 78), the first and the most important factor is the cost of the insurance cover, most insurance companies offer differing rate for a given policy. Before buying an insurance cover there is need for critical evaluation of the price. This can be done through requesting several companies to send their price quote for each car insurance cover. Cheap insurance premiums can be very deceptive, it is important that the car asks for and reads the whole insurance policy document before settling on the insurance cover policy. There are different insurance packages each covering a different set of individual protection. Some of these include; Third Party Insurance; which is a very cheap cover and protects the insured from third party risks e.g. fire and car theft. Body Injury; which pays up to certain coverage limit, injury and death to the people with the operator of the car at the time of the risk. Defense costs; which are incurred during the law suit are also covered. P roperty Damage; which pays up to a given coverage limit for the other vehicles involved in an accident in which you are legally responsible for the accident. Medical Expenses; pays for all hospital bill, doctors and funeral expenses to those injured in accidents. Uninsured And Underinsured covers all pain and suffering that are not covered by the medical cover. Collision Coverage ; covers damage for the vehicle up to a given limit, Compressive Cover; full policy that pays for up to a given specified amount for vehicle damage, vehicle loss and damage due to theft, floods, fire, vandalism, hail. It covers for all expenses regardless whose fault it was. It's a general requirement for those with car loans. Rental Reimbursements; pay up to a given specified limit, the charges for rental services when your vehicle is being repaired. Labour and towing (breakdown cover), covers for charges incurred in transporting a damaged vehicle to the garage. Delivery of oil battery and other accessorie s are covered but their actual costs aren't included (Sternberg 143) the payment method is another vital consideration which is dictated by the amount of money at hand during a given duration (Vaughan 241). Depending on the vehicle owner cash inflows, he can decide to pay insurance premiums yearly or the policy can be paid in monthly installment. Monthly installments are preferred by many but are more expensive as there in a small additional cost charged because of paying over a period (Rogers 133) Another very important factor is where the car owner lives, with the advancement of technology, insurance covers are availed online, it is however important to

Students Report on Family Values Reduced Essay Example for Free

Students Report on Family Values Reduced Essay Slide 1: Good morning teacher. My name is †¦..I’m come from Viet Nam. I am studying Advance D. My FIN No. is G1139539L. Today I’m going to talk about the decline of family values in society today. Slide 2: Before I start I will show you the outline of my presentation. For the introduction, i will say in general about the decline of family values. After that I will show main points and explain the greed and other reasons which led to family values decrese. Lastly, I will sum up my presentation with summary, prediction and recommendation. Slide 3: Due to globalisation with the growth of materialism, people have high standard of living, the decline of family values become a usual topic these days. Materialism can be defined as a dominating sense of desire to pursue wealth and other tangible things that can provide physical comforts that ignores the importance of spiritual values. Many mourn the loss of joy, the warmth, unity and togetherness in households today. Someone said that this is the period of greed that responsible for this decline but in my opinion, it’s still exist some reasons which make family values decrease. So I will discuss both of it in this presentation. Slide 4: Now moving onto the first part of my presentation which is talk about the impacts of greed to family values include competition within family members, pressure from society to be rich and marriage base on money. Slide 5: Firstly, let me start by an undisputable fact that greed can make intensive competition within family members. For example, we can look at relationship between sibling. Sometimes, second or third children feel inadequate by comparison to a first sibling. They think they work never enough good when compare to their sisters or brothers are exhibit unusual talent. If children are labeled best in a domain, they often do their best to prevent another sibling from encroaching on their domain and gradually become selfish, jealous. Moreover, because of it can make some children have less confident and try to run away from their family. Slide 6: Secondly, I want to mention about pressure from society to be materialistic. To make it clear we can see the characteristics of such materialistic people are greed for money, tendency to become rich quickly even if it involves a lot of risk. It also involves the desire to live in plush houses, wearing highly expensive clothes and jewelry and driving flashy cars. It’s express oneself have high position under look of society and have respect from others. Besides, because of materialism become more popular in society today, the behavior between rich people and poor people also have big diffirence, with this thinking like that, people gradually forget about simple things in a family. Slide 7: In addition, greed in society can led to marriage exist base on money. There is an increase in marital discord and divorces. Nowadays, a lot of people marry for money not for love. That’s why relationship in the family always have conflicts, the greed promotes many other negative feelings as well like lust, selfishness, jealousy, sense of hopelessness. People are forgetting their moral values and often fail to understand the distinction between right choices and the wrong ones. The only thing that matters is good quality life and false comforts. All of this made a family only focus at money and without basic factor to keep a happy family. Slide 8: Now let me turn to the other reasons that are dedication to work, the influence from mass media and social pressure on children to succeed. Slide 9: First of all, dedication to works can become one of the reasons make family values decline. To give an example, busy lives make family member hardly spends time together. Everybody is busy with their own thing. Careers and professions are given priority. Home lives are neglected. Children are lonely and immersed with the computer, T.V. They do not have time to take care of their family even themselves, without discuss problems, holidays together and share difficulties in life. A family without support can not stable. Slide 10: Interestingly, the influence of mass media. With the development of mass media such as: radio, internet, movie, television, newspaper†¦ children who still sensitive are easy to get misconception about family values. Also, now we are living in a open and complex society. Information is get easily with variety of opinions and some of this can take negetive meaning and influence to people surrouding even about family values today. Slide 11: Finally, we look at social pressure on children to succeed. For instance, some parents always put high expectation for their child but they don’t know they are making more stress for children. Pressure to win and be the best. Attending tuition classes. Intense training schedules. In a world of super achievers, children often find themselves at the burnt end of the rope. Parents require their child must to have outstanding results in exam and forget feeling of their child. Some children grow up with lost innocent childhood. Well, that’s all I want to say about reasons whichs led to decline of family values. Slide 12: To sum up, todays lifestyle has changed everything. Many old values are being replaced. Slide 13: Families have never been ideal and flawless nor may they ever be. Ups and downs are part of family lives.spouses should make extra efforts to listen, love and respect each other * INFORMATION: We can still mend our ways and move towards a beautiful world. For this, we have to look for a purpose in our life. Each individual has to make some changes in his outlook. We have to separate ourselves from material world. This will make us happy both with or without the material things that we desire. It will make us feel that if I get that thing its good but if I do not get that its fine with me. Its not very easy for us to get this kind of mental set up but it is not an impossible task too. The rough phase of economy has given us some valuable lessons. That, all the tangible things of the world that we acquire may go some day but still we have the strength within us to survive in tough condition. We are happy that we have not lost ourselves and the support of our family. These things matter more than any other material things of life. We have to give top priority to hard work and not to any shortcut route to achieve success. There is a sense of truth and honesty associated with h ard work which can give us immense satisfaction. We have to increase our knowledge of reality that are non-physical. Lack of knowledge of the non-physical aspects of our life is a major cause of downfall not only of an individual but collectively as a society. Spirituality help us to know our real identity. If we lose our wealth it can be replaced but if we lose our own self then we cannot replace that. The actual solution of the problems, be it economic or otherwise, can be obtained through introspection. We can identify what has caused us face this kind of problem that we are in today. Set yourself free from the material world, recognize the real self that lies within you in dormant condition. In this way you can prevent the influence of materialism from blocking your inner growth. that greed, selfishness and individualism have a negative effect on children families and children need to receive a basic education on the subjects of love and moral responsibility. It is only natural for crime rates to rise and human relations to be impaired in such a society in which affection, compassion and brotherhood are replaced by anger, conflict and feelings of hostility.

Slave Trade in 1807 Essay -- England

In order to ascertain how significant beliefs and ideologies were in contributing to the abolition of the slave trade in 1807, and the eventual abolition of slavery in 1833, this assignment will consider moral, political,economic and religious factors which culminated into these two distinct reforms. It will explore the influence of Enlightenment; the impact of non-conformists; the role of individuals and resistance from slaves themselves. Additionally, it will look at the attitudes concerning the Atlantic slave trade and slavery from different perspectives. Justifications which were gleaned from the Bible, and from Antiquity, regarding the differences between white and black people meant that for much of the eighteenth century enslaving Africans was generally accepted. However, from the 1800s these beliefs and ideologies were challenged, and both slavery and the slave trade were progressively questioned and condemned. Enlightenment thinkers were instrumental in debates in which reason and intellect were dominant. They believed that individuals had the capacity to improve both themselves, and their environment. Underpinning Enlightenment ideas were the concepts of human and natural rights. Furthermore, the idea that the fundamental right of property is one's own person diminished the argument that any attack on slavery was an attack on property. Enlightened ideas influenced individuals such as Adam Smith who was concerned with economic policy,and Elizabeth Heyrick, who was a middle-class Quaker who pushed for immediate emancipation. (Unit 16,pp.87) Anthology 4.4 (a) and (b) provides definitions of slavery and the slave trade. The principal points raised are that men were born free and equal so slavery was contrary to natural... ... ideologies which resulted in the anti-slavery stance which was integral for political reform. The abolition of the slave trade did not result in the immediate emancipation of slavery, the role of individuals who worked tirelessly with the development of campaigning techniques such as, mass petitioning, door-to-door campaigning, public meetings and the gathering of evidence were extremely valuable to the anti-slavery movement. Even still this process was a long one, and one that involved ordinary people, resistance from slaves themselves and pressure groups. Beliefs and ideologies, were therefore, the most fundamental factor for the abolition of both the Atlantic slave trade (1807) and slave emancipation (1833). The position of parliament and the enactments which resulted were heavily influenced by the beliefs and ideas of people who collectively made a difference.

Role Play

Reflection Paper Counseling Session Role Play Between Kristen (student/client) and Tiffany Ellison (Therapist) Tiffany Ellison Barry University Identifying health risk behavior My client Kristen came in for a follow-up session to focus on codependency issues, feeling overwhelmed with her mother, and not having time to focus on her. Kristen seems to be focusing all of her time on her mother and less time to herself. Kristen is aware that she is not strong enough to deal with overwhelming situations and realizes she needs to be focusing more on herself instead of trying to prove her strengths to everyone else.Kristen has many obligations to her mother; however in reality, she is giving an excessive amount of responsibility, commitment, and worries for another person, when she needs to be more focused on herself and her strengths. Kristen understands everything that a codependent person does is done to further establish self pitying thoughts of overdoing and of being taken advantage of and for granted. Kristen is also showing signs of intense emotional feelings and is completely overcome in mind and emotion and feels ill-equipped to cope with her stressors. Level of competence demonstratedThroughout the session, as the therapist I felt confident that I would be able to grasp the real true related issues that were affecting her life. I expressed empathy towards the client, by listening to her expressed thoughts and feelings while communicating back to her a desire that I can understand the client’s perspective completely. I also felt the need to express my feelings on her mother; however I did not do so and immediately reflected critical motivational interviewing skills by avoidance of arguing with the client about their need for her to change, by not answering the phone when her mother needs her at any given moment.Through this session I supported self-efficacy by helping the client believe in oneself and become confident that they can carry out the changes the client has chosen to pursue. At this point, in the session, it was very important to me to summarize the important components and how they collaborate with one another. My strong asset as a therapist is that I try to grasp a hold of one of the major issues discussed in the therapy session, and help the client elaborate more in detail, so I may then get a better understanding on each individual issue as it comes along.My client has a lot going on in her life at the moment, and by grasping onto one of her strengths out of her whole story she can reflect on, seemed to make her laugh and smile. Through out this part of the session, I could then have a better trusting relationship with the client by evoking the client’s views. Assessing client readiness Throughout this critical time during our session, I knew at a point that I was able to determine weather my client was ready for change.This point was determined when the client stated Client: â€Å"I enjoy salsa lessons; ità ¢â‚¬â„¢s a stress reliever for me† Therapist: â€Å"What can you do to get yourself more involved with things that you enjoy†? Client: â€Å"I could research for when they are having one†. Therapist: â€Å"Yes, you could† Client: â€Å"I can do that†. Therapist: â€Å"do you think that will help†? Client: â€Å"yes, I love to dance†. During this time, my client seemed honest in her exploration to research on what makes her happy. She was very eager and motivated to learn about the different options that she might have, to give time for herself. The stages of change have inspired instruments for assessing readiness to change or a client’s motivational change state. Depending on the level of readiness-or change stage- different motivational intervention strategies will be more or less effective† (Cox et al. , 2002). â€Å"Your clients must value a treatment goal to progress toward it. In fact, unless clients value them, the y are not goals from the clients’ perspectives† (Rollnick & Moyers, 2006). From a motivational standpoint, one should understand what the clients’ goals are and what they value in life.I was able to pinpoint this by acknowledging her strengths and how could the client research the area for any socializing events particular to her interests. Identifying Change Talk As discussed by Rollnick and Miller (2009), motivational interviewing is directed toward particular behavior change goals. A primary process in motivational interviewing is to help clients resolve ambivalence by evoking their own intrinsic motivations for change. When MI is done well, the client rather than the counselor voices the arguments for change.Throughout MI, particular attention is given to the client â€Å"change talk† which includes verbalizations that signify desire, ability, reasons, need, or commitment to change (Miller and Moyers, 2006). An example used to evoke change talk during the session was very direct: Client: â€Å"Should I not answer the phone every time that my mother calls me? Therapist: â€Å"What do you think you should do? † Client: â€Å"Probably, it might give me some quiet time†. Throughout this conversion, as the therapist, I responded with reflective statements, which summarized the change talk statements the client made.During this process, it was very important to me to understand that I acknowledged her ambivalence, but tried to reinforce the change talk. The point here is that when people talk or ask about what they think they should do, they are more likely to answer the questions themselves, which at that point initiates change talk. Identifying treatment approaches During my time in this session, I have identified many treatment options for this client. This client needs to continue more one-on-one individual therapy sessions, but also initializing journaling to be completed at home.With this specific homework assignme nt, I wanted her to express her feelings on paper by keeping a journal. During the session, speaking about a journal really seemed to make her laugh and smile. The purpose of this assignment is to make time for her; by identifying that she has a lot going on in her life and by putting aside a little extra time to reflect on her in writing, I feel would help make her aware of the feelings that seem to be so overwhelming. Another treatment approach I could identify is making a commitment to look into a women’s support group in her area.Not only will this give her time to reflect on herself, but also will help empower her to live a fulfilling and purposeful life of self-love. This will also give her a chance to socialize, and network. I feel as if the client will benefit from this experience overtime if the commitment is there. â€Å"Components of intrinsic motivation for change include both the client’s perception of the importance of change as well as his or her confid ence that change can be achieved† (Miller and Rollnick, 2009). References Cox, W. M. Klinger, E. ; and Blount, J. P. Alcohol use and goal hierarchies: Systematic motivational counseling for alcoholics. In: Miller, W. R. , and Rollnick, S. , eds. Motivational Interviewing: Preparing People To Change Addictive Behaviors. New York: Guilford Press, 1993. pp. 260-271 Miller, W. R. and Rollnick, S. (2009). Ten things that motivational interviewing is not. Behavioral and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 37, 129-140. Miller, W. R. , & Moyers, T. B. (2006). Eight stages in learning motivational interviewing. 5, 3-17.